Improvised Munitions Combined with Field Firing for the M16A2 Rifle
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Purpose and Scope
In Unconventional Warfare operations it may be impossible or unwise to use conventional military munitions as tools in the conduct of certain missions. It may be necessary instead to fabricate the required munitions from locally available or unassuming materials. The purpose of this manual is to increase the potential of Special Forces and guerrilla troops by describing in detail the manufacture of munitions from seemingly innocuous locally available materials.
Manufactured, precision devices almost always will be more effective, more reliable, and easier to use than improvised ones, but shelf items will just not be available for certain operations for security or logistical reasons. Therefore the operator will have to rely on materials he can buy in a drug or paint store, find in a junk pile, or scrounge from military stocks. Also, many of the ingredients and materials used in fabricating homemade items are so commonplace or innocuous they can be carried without arousing suspicion. The completed item itself often is more easily concealed or camouflaged. In addition, the field expedient item can be tailored for the intended target, thereby providing an advantage over the standard item in flexibility and versatility.
The manual contains simple explanations and illustrations to permit construction of the items by personnel not normally familiar with making and handling munitions. These items were conceived in-house or, obtained from other publications or personnel engaged in munitions or special warfare
work. This manual includes methods for fabricating explosives, detonators, propellants, shaped charges, small arms, mortars, incendiaries, delays, switches, and similar items from indigenous materials.
Table of Contents
Section 0 — Introduction
0.1 Purpose and Scope
0.2 Safety and Reliability
0.3 User Comments
Section 1 — Explosives and Propellants (including igniters)
1.1 Plastic Explosive Filler
1.2 Potassium Nitrate
1.3 Improvised Black Powder
1.4 Nitric Acid
1.5 Initiator for Dust Explosions
1.6 Fertilizer Explosive
1.7 Carbon Tet – Explosive
1.8 Fertilizer AN-Al Explosive
1.9 “Red or White Powder” Propellant
1.10 Nitric Acid/Nitrobenzene (“Hellhoffite”) Explosive
1.11 Optimized Process for Cellulose/Acid Explosives
1.12 Methyl Nitrate Dynamite
1.13 Urea Nitrate Explosive
1.14 Preparation of Copper Sulfate (Pentahydrate)
1.15 Reclamation of RDX from C4
1.16 TACC (Tetramminecopper (II) Chlorate)
1.17 HMTD
Book 2
Field Firing for the M16A2 Rifle
PURPOSE
Field Firing for the M16A2 Rifle, sets forth the procedures and techniques to be employed in the conduct of field firing for individual marksmanship training.
2. SCOPE
This Manuals explains the fundamental techniques and procedures for Phase III Marksmanship Training (Field Firing). This manual's discussion of marksmanship skills assumes a strong foundation of individual proficiency in basic marksmanship. This manual is intended to be used by Marine Corps organizations and marksmanship training sites for the training of individual Marines and small units. Procedures in this manual are written for right-handed Marines. Left-handed Marines should reverse instructions as needed.
Chapter 1. Introduction to Marksmanship Training
1001 Phase I: Preparatory Marksmanship Training 1-1
1002 Phase II: Known-Distance Firing 1-2
1003 Phase III: Field Firing 1-2
Field Firing Objectives . 1-2
M16A2 Rifle 1-2
Conduct of Training . 1-3
Chapter 2. Combat Mindset
2001 Stress 2-1
2002 Mental and Physical Preparation 2-1
2003 Responding to a Threat . 2-2
No Immediate Threat Present . 2-2
Contact Likely (Probable) . 2-2
Contact Imminent . 2-3
2004 Advantages of Combat Mindset 2-3
Chapter 3. Field Maintenance